diff --git a/compose.yaml b/compose.yaml
index 84481e1af76..2bd38a381e8 100644
--- a/compose.yaml
+++ b/compose.yaml
@@ -1718,9 +1718,9 @@ services:
       cache_from:
         - ${REPO}:amd64-ubuntu-r-valgrind
       args:
-        base: wch1/r-debug:latest
+        base: rhub/valgrind:latest
         cmake: ${CMAKE}
-        r_bin: RDvalgrind
+        r_bin: R
         tz: ${TZ}
     environment:
       <<: [*common, *ccache, *sccache]
diff --git a/r/DESCRIPTION b/r/DESCRIPTION
index 0ac5e36ea6d..3252e960c3a 100644
--- a/r/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/r/DESCRIPTION
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/, https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/
 BugReports: https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues
 Encoding: UTF-8
 Language: en-US
-SystemRequirements: C++17; for AWS S3 support on Linux, libcurl and openssl (optional);
+SystemRequirements: C++20; for AWS S3 support on Linux, libcurl and openssl (optional);
     cmake >= 3.26 (build-time only, and only for full source build)
 Biarch: true
 Imports:
diff --git a/r/NEWS.md b/r/NEWS.md
index 3af9e1185e4..7e4dde0a993 100644
--- a/r/NEWS.md
+++ b/r/NEWS.md
@@ -18,6 +18,22 @@
 -->
 
 # arrow 23.0.0
+
+## New features
+
+- `nchar()` now supports `keepNA = FALSE` (@HyukjinKwon, #48665).
+- `stringr::str_ilike()` binding for case-insensitive pattern matching (#48262).
+
+## Minor improvements and fixes
+
+- Fix slow performance reading files with large number of columns (#48104).
+- Fix segfault when calling `concat_tables()` on a `RecordBatch` (#47885).
+- Writing partitioned datasets on S3 no longer requires `ListBucket` permissions (@HaochengLIU, #47599).
+
+## Installation
+
+- As of version 23.0.0, `arrow` requires C++20 to build from source. This means that you may need a newer compiler than the default on some older systems. See `vignette("install", package = "arrow")` for guidance.
+
 # arrow 22.0.0.1
 
 ## Minor improvements and fixes
diff --git a/r/README.md b/r/README.md
index 1ab9206f119..bb5d137dc88 100644
--- a/r/README.md
+++ b/r/README.md
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ There are some special cases to note:
 
 - On Linux the installation process can sometimes be more involved because CRAN does not host binaries for Linux. For more information please see the [installation guide](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/articles/install.html).
 
-- If you are compiling arrow from source, please note that as of version 10.0.0, arrow requires C++17 to build. This has implications on Windows and CentOS 7. For Windows users it means you need to be running an R version of 4.0 or later. On CentOS 7, it means you need to install a newer compiler than the default system compiler gcc. See the [installation details article](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/articles/developers/install_details.html) for guidance.
+- If you are compiling arrow from source, please note that as of version 23.0.0, arrow requires C++20 to build. This has implications on Windows and CentOS 7. For Windows users it means you need to be running an R version of 4.3 or later (though R 4.2 has incomplete support and might work with special configuration). See the [installation details article](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/articles/developers/install_details.html) for guidance.
 
 - Development versions of arrow are released nightly. For information on how to install nightly builds please see the [installing nightly builds](https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/articles/install_nightly.html) article.
 
diff --git a/r/configure b/r/configure
index f64a3673f97..9e92eb6b47f 100755
--- a/r/configure
+++ b/r/configure
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ if [ "$ARROW_R_DEV" = "true" ] && [ -f "data-raw/codegen.R" ]; then
   ${R_HOME}/bin/Rscript data-raw/codegen.R
 fi
 
-# Arrow requires C++17, so check for it
-if [ ! "`${R_HOME}/bin/R CMD config CXX17`" ]; then
+# Arrow requires C++20, so check for it
+if [ ! "`${R_HOME}/bin/R CMD config CXX20`" ]; then
   echo "------------------------- NOTE ---------------------------"
-  echo "Cannot install arrow: a C++17 compiler is required."
+  echo "Cannot install arrow: a C++20 compiler is required."
   echo "See https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/articles/install.html"
   echo "---------------------------------------------------------"
   exit 1
@@ -260,14 +260,6 @@ set_pkg_vars () {
   if [ "$ARROW_R_CXXFLAGS" ]; then
     PKG_CFLAGS="$PKG_CFLAGS $ARROW_R_CXXFLAGS"
   fi
-
-  # We use expr because the product version returns more than just 10.13 and we want to
-  # match the substring. However, expr always outputs the number of matched characters
-  # to stdout, to avoid noise in the log we redirect the output to /dev/null
-  if [ "$UNAME" = "Darwin" ] && expr $(sw_vers -productVersion) : '10\.13' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    # avoid C++17 availability warnings on macOS < 11
-    PKG_CFLAGS="$PKG_CFLAGS -D_LIBCPP_DISABLE_AVAILABILITY"
-  fi
 }
 
 # If we have pkg-config, it will tell us what libarrow needs
@@ -408,11 +400,11 @@ else
 fi
 
 # Test that we can compile something with those flags
-CXX17="`${R_HOME}/bin/R CMD config CXX17` -E"
-CXX17FLAGS=`"${R_HOME}"/bin/R CMD config CXX17FLAGS`
-CXX17STD=`"${R_HOME}"/bin/R CMD config CXX17STD`
+CXX20="`${R_HOME}/bin/R CMD config CXX20` -E"
+CXX20FLAGS=`"${R_HOME}"/bin/R CMD config CXX20FLAGS`
+CXX20STD=`"${R_HOME}"/bin/R CMD config CXX20STD`
 CPPFLAGS=`"${R_HOME}"/bin/R CMD config CPPFLAGS`
-TEST_CMD="${CXX17} ${CPPFLAGS} ${PKG_CFLAGS} ${CXX17FLAGS} ${CXX17STD} -xc++ -"
+TEST_CMD="${CXX20} ${CPPFLAGS} ${PKG_CFLAGS} ${CXX20FLAGS} ${CXX20STD} -xc++ -"
 TEST_ERROR=$(echo "#include $PKG_TEST_HEADER" | ${TEST_CMD} -o /dev/null 2>&1)
 
 if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
diff --git a/r/configure.win b/r/configure.win
index 433ef28439a..16c5ec1bee8 100755
--- a/r/configure.win
+++ b/r/configure.win
@@ -117,14 +117,6 @@ set_pkg_vars () {
   if [ "$ARROW_R_CXXFLAGS" ]; then
     PKG_CFLAGS="$PKG_CFLAGS $ARROW_R_CXXFLAGS"
   fi
-
-  # We use expr because the product version returns more than just 10.13 and we want to
-  # match the substring. However, expr always outputs the number of matched characters
-  # to stdout, to avoid noise in the log we redirect the output to /dev/null
-  if [ "$UNAME" = "Darwin" ] && expr $(sw_vers -productVersion) : '10\.13' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    # avoid C++17 availability warnings on macOS < 11
-    PKG_CFLAGS="$PKG_CFLAGS -D_LIBCPP_DISABLE_AVAILABILITY"
-  fi
 }
 
 # If we have pkg-config, it will tell us what libarrow needs
diff --git a/r/data-raw/codegen.R b/r/data-raw/codegen.R
index b7bee39b779..9acfef109c5 100644
--- a/r/data-raw/codegen.R
+++ b/r/data-raw/codegen.R
@@ -211,9 +211,7 @@ static const R_CallMethodDef CallEntries[] = {
   R_registerRoutines(dll, NULL, CallEntries, NULL, NULL);
   R_useDynamicSymbols(dll, FALSE);
 
-  #if defined(HAS_ALTREP)
   arrow::r::altrep::Init_Altrep_classes(dll);
-  #endif
 
   _arrow_compute__Initialize();
 }
diff --git a/r/inst/NOTICE.txt b/r/inst/NOTICE.txt
index 2089c6fb203..9b98364d2ab 100644
--- a/r/inst/NOTICE.txt
+++ b/r/inst/NOTICE.txt
@@ -17,9 +17,6 @@ https://github.com/libdynd
 This product includes software from the LLVM project
  * distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
 
-This product includes software from the google-lint project
- * Copyright (c) 2009 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
-
 This product includes software from the mman-win32 project
  * Copyright https://code.google.com/p/mman-win32/
  * Licensed under the MIT License;
diff --git a/r/man/DictionaryType.Rd b/r/man/DictionaryType.Rd
index 8c9087f1ab6..cda27978b1b 100644
--- a/r/man/DictionaryType.Rd
+++ b/r/man/DictionaryType.Rd
@@ -3,13 +3,40 @@
 \docType{class}
 \name{DictionaryType}
 \alias{DictionaryType}
-\title{class DictionaryType}
+\title{DictionaryType class}
 \description{
-class DictionaryType
+\code{DictionaryType} is a \link{FixedWidthType} that represents dictionary-encoded data.
+Dictionary encoding stores unique values in a dictionary and uses integer-type
+indices to reference them, which can be more memory-efficient for data with many
+repeated values.
 }
-\section{Methods}{
+\section{R6 Methods}{
 
+\itemize{
+\item \verb{$ToString()}: Return a string representation of the dictionary type
+\item \verb{$code(namespace = FALSE)}: Return R code to create this dictionary type
+}
+}
+
+\section{Active bindings}{
 
-TODO
+\itemize{
+\item \verb{$index_type}: The \link{DataType} for the dictionary indices (must be an integer type,
+signed or unsigned)
+\item \verb{$value_type}: The \link{DataType} for the dictionary values
+\item \verb{$name}: The name of the type.
+\item \verb{$ordered}: Whether the dictionary is ordered.
+}
+}
+
+\section{Factory}{
+
+
+\code{DictionaryType$create()} takes the following arguments:
+\itemize{
+\item \code{index_type}: A \link{DataType} for the indices (default \code{\link[=int32]{int32()}})
+\item \code{value_type}: A \link{DataType} for the values (default \code{\link[=utf8]{utf8()}})
+\item \code{ordered}: Is this an ordered dictionary (default \code{FALSE})?
+}
 }
 
diff --git a/r/man/FixedWidthType.Rd b/r/man/FixedWidthType.Rd
index ac6723d79db..71d0ab2d276 100644
--- a/r/man/FixedWidthType.Rd
+++ b/r/man/FixedWidthType.Rd
@@ -5,11 +5,22 @@
 \alias{FixedWidthType}
 \title{FixedWidthType class}
 \description{
-FixedWidthType class
+\code{FixedWidthType} is a base class for data types with a fixed width in bits.
+This includes all integer types, floating-point types, \code{Boolean},
+\code{FixedSizeBinary}, temporal types (dates, times, timestamps, durations),
+and decimal types.
 }
-\section{Methods}{
+\section{R6 Methods}{
 
 
-TODO
+\code{FixedWidthType} inherits from \link{DataType}, so it has the same methods.
 }
 
+\section{Active bindings}{
+
+\itemize{
+\item \verb{$bit_width}: The width of the type in bits
+}
+}
+
+\keyword{internal}
diff --git a/r/man/Message.Rd b/r/man/Message.Rd
index fbad235b64f..b8be82bfa4b 100644
--- a/r/man/Message.Rd
+++ b/r/man/Message.Rd
@@ -5,11 +5,24 @@
 \alias{Message}
 \title{Message class}
 \description{
-Message class
+\code{Message} holds an Arrow IPC message, which includes metadata and
+an optional message body.
 }
-\section{Methods}{
+\section{R6 Methods}{
 
+\itemize{
+\item \verb{$Equals(other)}: Check if this \code{Message} is equal to another \code{Message}
+\item \verb{$body_length()}: Return the length of the message body in bytes
+\item \verb{$Verify()}: Check if the \code{Message} metadata is valid Flatbuffer format
+}
+}
 
-TODO
+\section{Active bindings}{
+
+\itemize{
+\item \verb{$type}: The message type
+\item \verb{$metadata}: The message metadata
+\item \verb{$body}: The message body as a \link{Buffer}
+}
 }
 
diff --git a/r/man/MessageReader.Rd b/r/man/MessageReader.Rd
index 32ca8900b33..4c3bef3fc9f 100644
--- a/r/man/MessageReader.Rd
+++ b/r/man/MessageReader.Rd
@@ -5,11 +5,22 @@
 \alias{MessageReader}
 \title{MessageReader class}
 \description{
-MessageReader class
+\code{MessageReader} reads \code{Message} objects from an input stream.
 }
-\section{Methods}{
+\section{R6 Methods}{
 
+\itemize{
+\item \verb{$ReadNextMessage()}: Read the next \code{Message} from the stream. Returns \code{NULL} if
+there are no more messages.
+}
+}
+
+\section{Factory}{
 
-TODO
+
+\code{MessageReader$create()} takes the following argument:
+\itemize{
+\item \code{stream}: An \link{InputStream} or object coercible to one (e.g., a raw vector)
+}
 }
 
diff --git a/r/src/Makevars.in b/r/src/Makevars.in
index af0826faacb..1b7ad08e1cb 100644
--- a/r/src/Makevars.in
+++ b/r/src/Makevars.in
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ PKG_CPPFLAGS=@cflags@
 # https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=39191
 # https://www.mail-archive.com/gcc-bugs@gcc.gnu.org/msg534862.html
 # PKG_CXXFLAGS=$(CXX_VISIBILITY)
-CXX_STD=CXX17
+CXX_STD=CXX20
 PKG_LIBS=@libs@
 
 all: $(SHLIB) purify
diff --git a/r/src/Makevars.ucrt b/r/src/Makevars.ucrt
index a91dedc2d55..b72ed64d98e 100644
--- a/r/src/Makevars.ucrt
+++ b/r/src/Makevars.ucrt
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ CRT=-ucrt
 include Makevars.win
 
 # XXX for some reason, this variable doesn't seem propagated from Makevars.win
-CXX_STD=CXX17
+CXX_STD=CXX20
diff --git a/r/src/altrep.cpp b/r/src/altrep.cpp
index c9ed6b59e8a..385d2ec9ff3 100644
--- a/r/src/altrep.cpp
+++ b/r/src/altrep.cpp
@@ -24,30 +24,9 @@
 #include <arrow/util/bitmap_reader.h>
 #include <arrow/visit_data_inline.h>
 
-#include <cpp11/altrep.hpp>
 #include <cpp11/declarations.hpp>
-#if defined(HAS_ALTREP)
 
-#if R_VERSION < R_Version(3, 6, 0)
-
-// workaround because R's <R_ext/Altrep.h> not so conveniently uses `class`
-// as a variable name, and C++ is not happy about that
-//
-// SEXP R_new_altrep(R_altrep_class_t class, SEXP data1, SEXP data2);
-//
-#define class klass
-
-// Because functions declared in <R_ext/Altrep.h> have C linkage
-extern "C" {
 #include <R_ext/Altrep.h>
-}
-
-// undo the workaround
-#undef class
-
-#else
-#include <R_ext/Altrep.h>
-#endif
 
 #include "./r_task_group.h"
 
@@ -1116,29 +1095,6 @@ std::shared_ptr<ChunkedArray> vec_to_arrow_altrep_bypass(SEXP x) {
 }  // namespace r
 }  // namespace arrow
 
-#else  // HAS_ALTREP
-
-namespace arrow {
-namespace r {
-namespace altrep {
-
-// return an altrep R vector that shadows the array if possible
-SEXP MakeAltrepVector(const std::shared_ptr<ChunkedArray>& chunked_array) {
-  return R_NilValue;
-}
-
-bool is_arrow_altrep(SEXP) { return false; }
-
-std::shared_ptr<ChunkedArray> vec_to_arrow_altrep_bypass(SEXP x) { return nullptr; }
-
-bool is_unmaterialized_arrow_altrep(SEXP) { return false; }
-
-}  // namespace altrep
-}  // namespace r
-}  // namespace arrow
-
-#endif
-
 // [[arrow::export]]
 bool is_arrow_altrep(cpp11::sexp x) { return arrow::r::altrep::is_arrow_altrep(x); }
 
diff --git a/r/src/array_to_vector.cpp b/r/src/array_to_vector.cpp
index d27e1b93a93..432b49503e1 100644
--- a/r/src/array_to_vector.cpp
+++ b/r/src/array_to_vector.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include <arrow/util/bitmap_writer.h>
 #include <arrow/util/int_util.h>
 
-#include <cpp11/altrep.hpp>
 #include <type_traits>
 
 #include "./extension.h"
diff --git a/r/src/arrowExports.cpp b/r/src/arrowExports.cpp
index 73bf81f83bb..14c6330074a 100644
--- a/r/src/arrowExports.cpp
+++ b/r/src/arrowExports.cpp
@@ -6259,9 +6259,7 @@ extern "C" void R_init_arrow(DllInfo* dll){
   R_registerRoutines(dll, NULL, CallEntries, NULL, NULL);
   R_useDynamicSymbols(dll, FALSE);
 
-  #if defined(HAS_ALTREP)
   arrow::r::altrep::Init_Altrep_classes(dll);
-  #endif
 
   _arrow_compute__Initialize();
 }
diff --git a/r/src/arrow_cpp11.h b/r/src/arrow_cpp11.h
index f44fd635fde..6ea11ea008d 100644
--- a/r/src/arrow_cpp11.h
+++ b/r/src/arrow_cpp11.h
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #undef Free
 
 #include <cpp11.hpp>
-#include <cpp11/altrep.hpp>
 
 #include "./nameof.h"
 
diff --git a/r/src/arrow_types.h b/r/src/arrow_types.h
index d1882e56daf..524182f3824 100644
--- a/r/src/arrow_types.h
+++ b/r/src/arrow_types.h
@@ -246,9 +246,7 @@ arrow::Status AddMetadataFromDots(SEXP lst, int num_fields,
 
 namespace altrep {
 
-#if defined(HAS_ALTREP)
 void Init_Altrep_classes(DllInfo* dll);
-#endif
 
 SEXP MakeAltrepVector(const std::shared_ptr<ChunkedArray>& chunked_array);
 bool is_arrow_altrep(SEXP x);
diff --git a/r/src/compute.cpp b/r/src/compute.cpp
index 0777ca8bc72..c8aa903bf06 100644
--- a/r/src/compute.cpp
+++ b/r/src/compute.cpp
@@ -162,12 +162,13 @@ std::shared_ptr<arrow::compute::FunctionOptions> make_compute_options(
     // false means descending, true means ascending
     // cpp11 does not support bool here so use int
     auto orders = cpp11::as_cpp<std::vector<int>>(options["orders"]);
-    std::vector<Key> keys;
+    // Use resize + assignment to avoid vector growth operations that trigger
+    // false positive -Wmaybe-uninitialized warnings in GCC 14 with std::variant
+    std::vector<Key> keys(names.size(), Key("", Order::Ascending));
     for (size_t i = 0; i < names.size(); i++) {
-      keys.push_back(
-          Key(names[i], (orders[i] > 0) ? Order::Descending : Order::Ascending));
+      keys[i] = Key(names[i], (orders[i] > 0) ? Order::Descending : Order::Ascending);
     }
-    auto out = std::make_shared<Options>(Options(keys));
+    auto out = std::make_shared<Options>(std::move(keys));
     return out;
   }
 
diff --git a/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-darwin-arm64-23.0.0.zip.sha512 b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-darwin-arm64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a22f6875fbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-darwin-arm64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2115f7927d024996b2819025294c6ea714ba53fc5347de354b68377129050105863f963df8045fe83a49687896b23334b06bd9bf4846771c9be77aae86dbf0de  r-libarrow-darwin-arm64-23.0.0.zip
diff --git a/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-darwin-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512 b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-darwin-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a353523d01c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-darwin-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+b6974eb60abbc96ce15cd3dbb9eac0c17b7786120dff7903ce6cebf3cf2c68e117ec69b6b0ac60c4266744f3d95c2fbb41bdb8050da6a27bc3cc0e7190063fe4  r-libarrow-darwin-x86_64-23.0.0.zip
diff --git a/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-linux-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512 b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-linux-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b87f8d70b53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-linux-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+7a9e5dfa7dde32834ad31c562a964b2da17ad2d7c0fd867c2bdef2d929dd695868300f84a487e81b06deb998ebfa7ae5e2c194241006dce097b2b938b71d4ffb  r-libarrow-linux-x86_64-23.0.0.zip
diff --git a/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-windows-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512 b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-windows-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5af2063f5ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/r/tools/checksums/r-libarrow-windows-x86_64-23.0.0.zip.sha512
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+42e316e8b5041b653c63704cc09f05e04675c0be65c1e7ef3bddd70ab85d7373d20cd0590b5e16bcf062b68e065e0840ca7e23e0967570f332de102ecd6c788a  r-libarrow-windows-x86_64-23.0.0.zip
diff --git a/r/tools/nixlibs.R b/r/tools/nixlibs.R
index 9d0a2604682..f4ccb4956a8 100644
--- a/r/tools/nixlibs.R
+++ b/r/tools/nixlibs.R
@@ -310,11 +310,11 @@ compile_test_program <- function(code) {
     openssl_dir <- paste0("-I", openssl_root_dir, "/include")
   }
   runner <- paste(
-    R_CMD_config("CXX17"),
+    R_CMD_config("CXX20"),
     openssl_dir,
     R_CMD_config("CPPFLAGS"),
-    R_CMD_config("CXX17FLAGS"),
-    R_CMD_config("CXX17STD"),
+    R_CMD_config("CXX20FLAGS"),
+    R_CMD_config("CXX20STD"),
     "-E",
     "-xc++"
   )
@@ -565,8 +565,11 @@ build_libarrow <- function(src_dir, dst_dir) {
     # is found, it will be used by the libarrow build, and this does
     # not affect how R compiles the arrow bindings.
     CC = sub("^.*ccache", "", R_CMD_config("CC")),
-    CXX = paste(sub("^.*ccache", "", R_CMD_config("CXX17")), R_CMD_config("CXX17STD")),
-    # CXXFLAGS = R_CMD_config("CXX17FLAGS"), # We don't want the same debug symbols
+    CXX = paste(
+      sub("^.*ccache", "", R_CMD_config("CXX20")),
+      R_CMD_config("CXX20STD")
+    ),
+    # CXXFLAGS = R_CMD_config("CXX20FLAGS"), # We don't want the same debug symbols
     LDFLAGS = R_CMD_config("LDFLAGS"),
     N_JOBS = ncores
   )
diff --git a/r/vignettes/install.Rmd b/r/vignettes/install.Rmd
index 69780bd64df..d9cdcc3885c 100644
--- a/r/vignettes/install.Rmd
+++ b/r/vignettes/install.Rmd
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ but there are a few things to note.
 
 ### Compilers
 
-As of version 10.0.0, arrow requires a C++17 compiler to build.
-For `gcc`, this generally means version 7 or newer. Most contemporary Linux
+As of version 22.0.0, arrow requires a C++20 compiler to build.
+For `gcc`, this generally means version 10 or newer. Most contemporary Linux
 distributions have a new enough compiler; however, CentOS 7 is a notable
 exception, as it ships with gcc 4.8.